Sunday, May 24, 2020
Secondhand Lions By Director Tim Mccanlies - 971 Words
Happiness can come in many different ways, but this type of happiness is the one where all could experience, and that is true love. The film that will be analyzed is called Secondhand Lions by director Tim McCanlies, it is based on a boy named Walter is dropped off by his mother, who lies to him frequently, so Walter doesnââ¬â¢t know whether to believe her or not, but she drops him off with his two uncles named Hub and Garth, out in Texas. These two men have lots of adventures and lived life to the fullest. Walter has a lot to learn from the two uncles. Throughout the film it seems to show that happiness is not something that you gain from money, but it is what you gain when you learn the true lessons of life, and the true love that comes with it. In the film the two uncles are rich with money, but they have a lot of story that goes with it. Everyone including family members begs or wishes for the uncles to do something with their money, or they just want them to give it to them. However, in the film it conveys that with money comes greed and wants, but with love comes happiness with every day life. The film seems to show this type of happiness by having the two uncles enjoying their everyday life in the beginning of the film. As the film goes on we notice that the two uncles show the brotherly love they have for each other, and they notice that Walter hasnââ¬â¢t experience a true happiness like they have. When Uncle Garth is telling the stories about the love Uncle Hub had for
Monday, May 18, 2020
Victorian Fiction Great Expectations by Charles Dickens Free Essay Example, 2750 words
As the principal influence of Pip s younger days, Joe Gargery represents the simple, good-natured heart that Pip was born with and, as such, appears throughout the novel as a subtle reminder of what Pip is giving up when he tries to reforge himself in the image expected of a young gentleman. He was a mild, good-natured, sweet-tempered, easy-going, foolish, dear fellow a sort of Hercules in strength, and also in weakness (16). Like Pip, Joe has a strong heart capable of caring for everyone with whom he comes into contact and as faithful as an old dog once it becomes attached. It is also obvious where Pip gets his kindness from as Joe tells Magwitch upon his capture in the swamps and confession of theft from Mrs. Joe s kitchen, We don t know what you have done, but we wouldn t have you starved to death for it, poor miserable fellow-creature Would us, Pip? (45). He demonstrates a keen understanding of his wife, warning Pip about becoming a scholar under her nose as she would not be over partial to my being a scholar, but fear as I might rise. We will write a custom essay sample on Victorian Fiction: Great Expectations by Charles Dickens or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page His appearance in London is humble and sweet, yet completely inappropriate to Pip s new station, as Joe indicates in an eloquent if rough speech: One man s a blacksmith and one s a whitesmith and one s a goldsmith, and one s a coppersmith. Divisions among such must come and must be met as they come. If there s been any fault at all today, it s mine. You and I is not two figures should be together in London; nor yet anywheres else but what is private, and be known, and understood among friends. It ain t that I am proud, but that I want to be right, as you shall never see me no more in these clothes. I m wrong with these clothes. I m wrong out of the forge, the kitchen or off the meshes. You won t find half so much fault in me if you think of me in my forge dress, with my hammer in my hand, or even my pipe. I m awful dull, but I hope I ve beat out something night the right of this at last. And so God bless you, dear old Pip, old chap (217).
Thursday, May 14, 2020
Gender Discrimination in Boys and Girls by Alice Munro
Children are more prone to be obedient towards their parental figures (heteronomous obedience) while growing up. In the short story ââ¬Å"Boys and Girlsâ⬠by Alice Munro, life during the twentieth century is portrayed. The narrator, who has portrayed herself as a nameless young girl, struggles for freedom from inequality in her society. The disobedience in ââ¬Å"Boys and Girlsâ⬠is clarified in Erich Frommââ¬â¢s essay, ââ¬Å"Disobedience as a Psychological and Moral Problem (DPMP).â⬠The narrator of ââ¬Å"Boys and Girlsâ⬠goes through different phases of obedience due to her ââ¬Å"authoritarian and humanistic conscienceâ⬠(Fromm 10). Also, by being disobedient she has control of her own authorities. ââ¬Å"Humanistic conscienceâ⬠stops her from doing something inhuman and or from being guilty; itââ¬â¢s the inner voice. As well as her comfort levels and the changes of her obedience impact her much to her surprise. The young girl is well aware o f what happens around her and is disobedient because of her ââ¬Å"humanistic conscienceâ⬠, which has her in a battle against gender binary and stereotypes. The girl is young; she has no place to go, so therefore doesnââ¬â¢t really have the option to disobey her parents. The little girl is obedient to her parents when they are around. She does what she is told to and helps her parents by doing some work at home. The girl ââ¬Å"helped her father [work outside] when he cut the long grass, and the lambââ¬â¢s quarterâ⬠and also helped ââ¬Å"[carry] waterâ⬠(Munro). The girl valued her father more than herShow MoreRelatedGender Roles : Alice Munro s Boys And Girls 1051 Words à |à 5 PagesGender Roles In Alice Munroââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"Boys and Girlsâ⬠, the story is focused on a working class family who lives on a farm. A manââ¬â¢s role on the farm or in general is to work for the family and do the heavy work that a woman wouldnââ¬â¢t be able to do. The daughter in the story is very much inspired by the father and wishes to pursue in the activities that are being performed around the farm. The mother needs help around the house and that was the role many females took over for many centuries and generationsRead MoreGender Inequality : A Long Journey Ahead1214 Words à |à 5 PagesGender Inequality refers to unequal treatment (or) perception of individual based on their gender. A system that advantages men over women in material, resources, power, status and authority has been continuing in one form or the other. It has been a taboo for centuries now which restricts women, access to basic opportunities, resources. Throughout the world, women continue to face inequality in a ll the spheres of life. Various workgroups, social institutions, organizations has been setup, schemesRead MoreThe Inequality Between Gender Roles1280 Words à |à 6 Pagesto recognize the roles between male and female figures in a household. These traditional roles I was familiar with were not satisfying, but overtime I was able to embrace new beliefs about how I wanted a female to be seen as. The inequality between gender roles in society was something I was very intrigued by because it was the first time in my life that I began to fight for something I believed to be so important. While many challenged my beliefs and discouraged them, my outlook on it only grew stronger
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Medea, Cruel Monster Or Heart Broken Mistress - 955 Words
Medea, Cruel Monster or Heart-Broken Mistress? Euripidesââ¬â¢ Medea is a play that focuses on Medea, first wife of Jason, and her path to vengeance when he abandons her for another woman. We can sympathize with some of Medeaââ¬â¢s actions and feelings while others we despise. For, deserting his own children and my mistress, Jason has taken a royal wife to his bed, ... She lies without food and gives herself up to suffering, Wasting away every moment of the day in tears. (17-18, 24-25) Jason has abandoned Medea and his own children in order to marry Glauce, the daughter of the king of Corinth. Jason appears to care only for raising his own standing in Corinth, forsaking his wife and children. These lines from the Nurse show the way Medea is affected by Jason s betrayal, she does not eat and spends her days lying in bed lamenting her fate. This is where we begin to empathize with Medea, the long journey that brought her to Corinth and cost her dearly, has now left her with nothing, her sacrifices worthless. MEDEA: Ah, wretch! Ah, lost in my sufferings, I wish, I wish I might die! (96-97) The first words we hear from Medea are her cries of helplessness coming from inside her house. In her first words she wishes for her own death to escape her suffering. These first few lines of Medeaââ¬â¢s show us the level of pain and anguish she is experiencing. Seeing how she feels, wanting only to end her pain, we can sympathize with her as she has lost quite literally everything of value toShow MoreRelatedsecond sex Essay13771 Words à |à 56 Pagesexterminating the males. The bond that unites her to her oppressors is not comparable to any other. The division of the sexes is a biological fact, not an event in human history. Male and female stand opposed within a primordial Mitsein, and woman has not broken it. The couple is a fundamental unity with its two halves riveted together, and the cleavage of society along the line of sex is impossible. Here is to be found the basic trait of woman: she is the Other in a totality of which the two components
The Form And Symbolism Of The Church Of Holy Virgin Essay
Course: History 2 Subject: An Essay about the form and symbolism of the Church of Holy virgin in Harat Zuwayla Group Research: Group name: Kalopsia Group Members: Yasmine Ahmed Hesham Aly 15104078 Yasmine.sou@hotmail.com Kamilia Ahmed Hesham Aly 15104077 Kamiliakou00@gmail.com Nada Ashraf 15106316 Nadashraf.a@gmail.com Sherine El Sayed 15104913 Sheriinee-@hotmail.com Reem Hussein 15104497 r.hussien.rh@gmail.com The Holy Virgin in Harat Zuwayla Christian beliefs in art and architecture Art and science of the building can be epitomized with the word Architecture. In addition to the refuge provided. Architecture is a symbolic exemplification. Ever since the evolution of human kind, men have been seeking out places to live developing it later on into what is known as urban spaces and that s when architects started to enhance their ability to specialize spaces for worship and sacred purposes. Though out time religion became aShow MoreRelatedHistory Of Architectural And Environmental Design1179 Words à |à 5 Pages 15105613 Mohamed Tariq 15105446 Omar Imam 15104432 The Holy Virgin Church in Harat Zuwayla Forms and Symbolism: Manifestation of Christian Beliefs in Art and Architecture Picture showing the altar of the church Christianity was first introduced to Egypt through the teachings of Saint Mark the Evangelist, the founder of the Coptic Church and the writer of the oldest gospel available to date. As a result, various worshiping houses or churchesRead MoreReference Christian Themes Of The Statue And Child962 Words à |à 4 PagesChristian Themes in the statue Madonna and Child, DATE Sarah Buckser (section leader: Karolina Hac) The statue stands in the MET, at the end of a small plinth, almost hidden. Its ivory surface seems to glow under the museum lights. This is Virgin and Child, an ivory statue dates back to between 1275 and the mid 1300s*. Mary and the Christ Childââ¬â¢s elongated limbs, drawn out features, and thin bone structure places the statue in the Gothic Period. It is one of the largest surviving ivory piecesRead MoreSymbolism in the Gothic Art Movement Essay1747 Words à |à 7 PagesThe Gothic Art movement was not just a style of art but an extremely influential period containing its own complex history. The term is used to describe buildings and objects whose forms are based upon a range of characteristics from the middle of the 12th to the end of the 15th century. Gothic style was a development of the Romanesque yet it was Renaissance humanists who first used it as a disparaging term to describe what they saw as the barbaric architecture. With Gothic art being viewed throughR ead MoreStudy: Gothic Architecture and Following Stylistic Terms Essay1176 Words à |à 5 PagesMosaics were created by: COLORED GLASS Madonna refers to: THE VIRGIN MARY At one time Ravenna was an important outpost for the Byzantine Roman Empire: TRUE Pendentives are found around which of the following: HAGIA SOPHIA What did Paul the Silentiary say about Hagiaââ¬â¢s Sophiaââ¬â¢s dome? IT LOOKED AS IF IT WERE SUSPENDED FROM HEAVEN What does Hagia Sophia mean? HOLY WISDOM Iconoclasm refers to which of the following? DESCTRUCTION OF IMAGES Byzantine churches were mostly centrallyRead MoreThe Holy Family With Saints Anne And John The Baptist, 1592 ( Oil On Canvas )1296 Words à |à 6 PagesThe painting The Holy Family with Saints Anne and John the Baptist, 1592 (oil on canvas) was created by Italian painter Sofonisba Anguissola (c.1532-1625). It is currently held at the Collection of the Lowe Art Museum, University of Miami, as a gift from Mrs. Forbes Hawkes and Bridgeman Images. This painting is among the unique pious narrative paintings by Anguissola. ââ¬Å"The Holy Familyâ⬠is the last dated painting by the artist. It was executed when she had just returned to Italy after spending 14Read MoreDifferent Religions, Different Practices, And One Aim Of Righteousness846 Words à |à 4 Pagesto aim for righteousness? There are many differences on how Christianity and Islam set each other apart but despite their differences they also share some common ground. Christians believe in the Trinity, which means that God has 3 forms: Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. With Christianity having about 2.4 billion adherents known as Christians, it is the worldââ¬â¢s largest religion. Christians believe that Jesus is the Son of God, who is fully divine and human, is the savior of humanity whose comingRead MoreThe Malabar ( East Syrian ) Tradition1253 Words à |à 6 PagesThe Syro-Malabar church is a Catholic Church in full communion with the Pope. It is part of the Chaldean (East Syrian) tradition. It was founded by St. Thomas the Apostle around 52 A.D. and the members were first known as the St. Thomas Christians, but when they spread to India, primarily Kerala, they became known as the Syro-Malabar Catholics. The Syro-Malabar Church uses a slightly different cross than the Roman Catholic Church, and has slight variations in the liturgical calendar. There are currentlyRead MoreSymbols And Symbols Of Icons1845 Words à |à 8 Pagesexample of portrai t iconography is the painting, ââ¬Å"The Virgin Hodegetriaâ⬠, which depicts the Virgin Mary. This particular icon was said to be written in about 1629 C.E. at Mt. Athos Monastery in Greece. There are ample replicas of this painting which is why people do not know how it was made, but there is a legend to it. According to the legend: The very first Hodegetria (the Blachernae icon) was painted by St. Luke. It was brought from the Holy Land by Eudoxia, the wife of the Emperor TheodosiusRead MoreReligious Site Report : The Holy Trinity Church1372 Words à |à 6 PagesRELIGIOUS SITE REPORT: HOLY TRINITY CHURCH BY BOWEN CHAN MAY 18 2016 PROFESSOR ANTONY ANTOKIN I went to the Holy Trinity Eastern Orthodox Church in San Francisco. They established in December 1857 in San Francisco then later incorporated into Greek Russian Slavonian belief. During the late 1880s, the population of the church exponentially increased, when Greek Immigration exploded and the church was firmly confirmed as the place for dedicated worship to the Greek Orthodox faith. AfterRead More A Comparison of Bless Me Ultima and The House on Mango Street2154 Words à |à 9 PagesHouse on Mango Street, syncretism is displayed through the actions of both novels to show that syncretism is the bridge of ambivalence. Syncretism in context of Anaya and Cisneros novels, merge Christianity and Native American pagan religions to form the syncretic nature of ambivalent Hispanic Americans. There are several main points in each text that exhibit the issue of syncretism. These points or issues include the Christ-like comparison, the witchcraft comparison, and the comparison of pagan
Differences Between Domestic and International Hrm free essay sample
Differences between domestic and international HRM 1. Introduction With the development of globalization, the blending and collision of domestic enterprises and foreign enterprises is becoming more and more fierce (Xinqi, 2004). More and more foreigners are sent out of their own countries and work in another country. It is probably no exaggeration to say that every day in every country in the world, there are people being sent out and sent in.And the increase of expatriates between one country and another country inevitably bring new challenges to human resource management, such as culture shock and the differences between domestic HRM and international HRM. Many firms underestimate the complexities and problems involved in international businesses, and do not pay enough attention on them. It is no surprise when the firms fail in the international businesses. Evidences have been found and prove that business failures in the international arena are usually relative to poor human resource management (Dowling, Festing, Engle, 2008, p. 9).In addition, human resource management in an international environment is even more complex than domestic human resource management. Therefore, if the firms want to succeed in the international arena, they should not only have a good domestic HRM, but also have a good international HRM. To have a good international HRM, they can not just copy domestic HRM. They should know that there are differences between domestic HRM and international HRM. The complexity of operating in foreign countries and employing workers from different countries is a key variable that makes domestic and international HRM different (Dowling, et al. 008, p. 5). The complexity of international HR can be attributed to six factors, but here we just discuss three of them (more human resource activities, more involvement in employeesââ¬â¢ personal lives, higher risk) and the differences of the training of employees. 2. Differences 2. 1 International HRM has more human resource activities than domestic HRM. Domestic HRM include at lease six activities: human resource planning; staffing; performance management; training and development; compensation and benefits; industrial relations.However, the scope of international HRM is much broader than that of domestic HRM. In other words, international HRM has some activities the same as domestic HRM (e. g. , human resource planning and staffing), but some activities which are not necessary in domestic HRM will be necessary in international HRM, too. These activities are issues connected with: international taxation; international relocation and orientation; administrative services for expatriates; host-government relations; and language translation services (Aswathappa, 2007).Firstly, in domestic environment, employees of the company are all from only one country, and activities such as international relocation, orientation and language translation services are not needed. The company will save much time, effort and money in this case. But when the company goes into international environment, it must put additional time, effort and money on international relocation, orientation and language translation services, etc. to help expatriates adapt the new environment which is differ from their own countries (Sims, 2007).Secondly, in domestic environment, company just needs to deal with domestic taxation. However, in international environment, company not only needs to deal with domestic (home-country) taxation, but also needs to deal with international (host-county) taxation. Thirdly, in international environment, company should provide administrative services for expatriates, because policies and procedures will sometimes be vague and be opposite to local environment.But these services are usually a time-consuming and complex activity. Let me give an example of ethical conflicts. Ethical problems will occur when some thing which is legal and accepted in the home country becomes illegal or unethical in the host country (Dowling, et al. 2008). Fourthly, in the international environment, host-government relations are activities that are very important in the human resource management of the company, especially in developing countries.In developing countries, if multinational managers of the company have a good personal relationship with the host- country government officials, it will be helpful to solve potential problems such as work permits and other important certificates, which are cause by vague eligibility and compliance criteria (Dowling, et al. 2008). There are more other human resource activities that are not needed in domestic HRM, but here they will not be introduced one by one in detail. 2. 2 International HRM has more involvement in employeesââ¬â¢ personal lives than domestic HRM.In the domestic environment, the human resource department of the company has a limited involvement in its employeesââ¬â¢ personal lives. In domestic environment, company will provide health insurance programs for employees. And the company will also provide help and convenience for employees and their families when the employees have an assignment to transfer in domestic (Dowling, et al. 2008). However, company can not just do what it does when it is in domestic. It must involve more in its employeesââ¬â¢ personal lives.And this is necessary for the selection, training and effective management of staffs (Dowling, et al. 2008). In my opinion, there are two reasons for a greater degree of involvement in employeesââ¬â¢ personal lives. One is that the way an employee acts and talks outside of their job may have an effect on the companyââ¬â¢s image (whether bad or good). We are living in global village. Information is very easily to get. If an employee has misbehaviors and most probably these misbehaviors would damage the company and the guilty employee (ââ¬Å"Personal Life Matter Company,â⬠2010).Another is that in order to get a better performance from employees, knowing more about the personal lives of employees and involved more will help company to meet the employeesââ¬â¢ demand and provide the required level of support. Consequently, in the international environment, the human resource department involved in housing arrangements, health care, transportation, education, entertainment for expatriates and local staffs, and all aspects of the compensation provided for the assignment (cost-of-living allowances, premiums, taxes, etc. ).Most of these activities will only occur in the international assignment, and in the domestic assignment these activities will be done by employee themselves instead of the human resource department of the company (Dowling, et al. 2008). 2. 3 International HRM has higher level of risk than domestic HRM. As a resource risk, domestic human resource risk not only has mutual risks of general resources (shortage risk, backlog risk, loss risk, etc. ), but also has its own unique and proprietary risks (value-added risk, confidential risk, competitive risk, etc. ).And these risks are in the daily work of human resource management (Nengyuan, 2011). Apart from these risks, there are other important risks, such as the risk of employee recruitment, the risk of staff placement, the risk of salary management, the risk of labor relationship management (ââ¬Å"Human Resource Risk Management,â⬠n. d. ). Because the complexity of international businesses, international HRM has more risks and higher level of risk. If the company fails, the result will be more severe than that in domestic. There are mainly three more risks in international HRM.Firstly, they are expatriate failure (the premature return of an expatriate from an international assignment) and under-performance in the international assignment. For companies in the international arena, these two things are high-cost problems and potentially risks. If one of these happens, the large amount of money (may be as large as three times the domestic salary plus relocation expenses) the company paid will be in vain. Secondly, it is terrorism. Since September 11, 2001, the tragic 9/11 attack in New York, terrorism has became a great risk.Company and its human resource managers may have to worry about the safety of employees. Of course, it depends on the countries or regions the company operates. In some countries, the degree of safety is low; and in some others, it is relatively high. But in the world today, where terrorism is common in many countries, companies have to spend some of their revenues in protecting employees from terrorism. Usually domestic human resource managers do not have to deal with this trouble problemââ¬âterrorism (Aswathappa, 2007). Thirdly, it is political risk. For companies in the international arena, political riskà is the risk which a host country will make political decisions thatà will prove to greatly and badly affect the profits and goals of the companies (ââ¬Å"Political Risk and What Can Company Do,â⬠n. d. ). Political risk can range from very adverse activities,à such as great damage from revolution, to financial policies, such as the change of import and export interest rate. Generally speaking, there are two types of political risk,à macro riskà and microà risk.Macro risk is the actions that will have a bad effect on all the foreign companies, such as expropriation or insurrection, yet micro risk is the actions that will only have a bad effect on a certain area or business of industry, such as corruption and prejudice against foreign companies (ââ¬Å"Political Risk and What Can Company Do,â⬠n. d. ). Anyway, regardless of the type of political risk that companies will face, companies should prepare well for these bad situations or in other word, political risk. Otherwise, companies will probably pay a lot of money for their unprepared actions. 2. International HRM on the training of employees is different from that of domestic HRM. Companies provide training for employees in order that new employees can match with their job better and old employees can keep pace with the times and technology. Therefore, training of employees has become an important part of human resource management of companies (ââ¬Å"Thoughts about Training of Staffs,â⬠2011). In the domestic setting, training is to provide learning and progress of knowledge, skills and attitudes for employees. Learning of knowledge is the main aspects of employeesââ¬â¢ training.It includes learning of truth knowledge and learning of procedure knowledge. Through the training, employees can grasp the basic knowledge of their jobs (ââ¬Å"Employeesââ¬â¢ Training and Development,â⬠n. d. ). The usage of knowledge must have certain skills. Thus there will be training for technical ability (cognitive ability, reading ability and writing ability). In addition, training of interpersonal ability may be included in the training course. In the international setting, training of employees also contains the training activities that domestic training has (e. . various aspects of practice training, such as management training, technical training, system training, operating procedure training, etc. ). But international human resource training is not completely the same as domestic human resource training. If the company wants its expatriates to meet the skills and performance needs of the certain job to avoid personal professional failure and reduce the likelihood of expatriate assignment failure, it has the responsibility to enhance the expatriatesââ¬â¢ cross-cultural awareness (Black and Mendenhall, 1991).Cross-cultural awareness training can lead to positive outcomes of employees such as increasing employeesââ¬â¢ tolerance, understanding, appreciation and respect for the differences of others (Oddou and Mendenhall, 1991), and help employees increase their interpersonal and team work effectiveness in the cross-cultural environment through the development of their practical skills (Vance Paderon, 1993). Consequently, international human resource training focuses on cross-cultural awareness training.In other words, the main content of international human resource training is cross-cultural awareness training. Cross-cultural awareness training includes trainings such as cultural sensitivity training, language learning, cross-cultural communication, cross-cultural conflict resolution, regional environment simulation, etc. Through these cross-cultural awareness trainings, culture shocks which expatriates may face to can be reduced, and expatriates can adapt the local environment quickly and play their role effectively (Xinqi, 2004). 3. ConclusionFrom the development process of the enterprise operation management in nearly one hundred years, it is not hard to find that the enterprise management has experienced the following evolution process. That is from production orientation to market orientation, and then to human resource orientation. According to this evolution process, we can know that the 21st century today is the times for human resource orientation of enterprise. However, in the 21st century, human resource management has also developed. It was not only a simply human resource management just in the domestic setting any more.It has gone outside of domestic and transcended the limitations of traditional national borders. With the fast development of globalization, MNCsââ¬â¢ are becoming more and more into the center of the global economy stage, and the HRM is becoming more and more into the international HRM (Xinqi, 2004). Thus if companies want to succeed in the international arena, it is very important to grasp international HRM well and identify the differences between traditional domestic HRM and international HRM. Refference: [1] Black, J. S. and M. E. Mendenhall. (1991).
Tuesday, May 5, 2020
Obesity Global Burden among Indigenous Population-Free Samples
Question: Obesity in Two Indigenous Populations of Australia and Thailand? Answer: Introducation: The prevalence of obesity among the Indigenous population across various countries has thwarted the lives of many. The threats due to overweight and obesity have underpinned the health status of the people of these nationalities to a vast extent and efforts are in progress to mitigate the conditions and offer resolutions to the nagging issues thereby decreasing the chances of occurrence of health disparity (United Nations 2009). Hence I feel that the social determinants of health that encompass the complex and integrated system constituting the personal, economic, social, environmental factors that in turn influence the health of individuals should be critically analyzed. Such analysis will pave the way for better understanding the situations relevant to two nations, one having the developing status and the other one having an emerging economy (Perrin 2013). In the following report I will try to compare and contrast the global burden of obesity in the context of developed nation Aust ralia to that of the developing country of Thailand for their social determinants as well as the intervention modalities. I will use information retrieved from suitable academic journal articles to discuss and provide an insight into the chosen topic of obesity among the two populations and the subsequent interventions that are rampant to curb the throbbing condition holistically. Social determinants of health influencing obesity in the Australian and Thai populations In my exploration for finding pertinent data with respect to the social determinants of health among the Australian population I came across findings that stated that in this developed nation, obesity has spread like epidemic with gravely affecting its inhabitants. More than half of the adult population fell victim to obesity or are found to be overweight. I also came to know that the relative prevalence of obesity is higher among the males compared to the females in Australia. The greater value of the markers for obesity in the form of Body Mass Index (BMI) is found to be the second highest contributor to the burden of disease that in turn is reflected upon the morbidity and mortality (Rahman and Harding 2013). In my endeavor to identify the social determinants of obesity I also came across a modeling study that predicted the epidemiology of obesity progression and its subsequent outcomes. The model estimated that the rising levels of obesity will bring upon wrath to the younger mas s in contrast to the older adult cohort. In the situation relevant to the population, as per their predictions the healthy weight gain level is likely to decline with steady level maintenance of overweight. However, the rates of incidence pertaining to obesity as well as severe obesity are predicted to be increased manifold beyond 2016 thereby indicating for substantial increase of healthcare expenditures and concomitant implications in contrast to the bygone decades (Hayes et al. 2017). Further from these studies, I found that sedentary lifestyle comprising of lack of physical activities, improper nutritional intake and dearth of awareness regarding the potential hazards of obesity or overweight affected the Australian population more rigorously than anything else. In contrast to the Australian population, I will try to compare the social determinants of health in the Thai population where the rates of industrialization as well as the per capita source of income are less that has acquired Thailand the developing status. While investigating on the specific issue I came across articles that vividly discussed and explained the prevalence of obesity in the Thai population and mentioned it to be the second highest in terms of prevalence in the Southeast Asian region. Thailand has been recognized as a nation with low and middle level incomes that in turn affects the cause of obesity because of potential strain imposed on the limited resources. On information procured from this study I found that the etiology of obesity may be attributed to the causes of leading of unhealthy mode of lifestyle that further accentuates the risk of the disease prevalence among the children, adolescents and elderly Thai population. The epidemiological survey related to th e gender, age and geographical distribution of the obesity prevalence revealed that unhealthy consumption of food added to deteriorate the situation with increasingly higher rates of overweight and obesity. All these factors lead to increased levels of associated co-morbidities due to obesity that accounted for higher economic costs. I also found that the social impact of obesity is also greater in this population which again added for serious health consequences (Teerawattananon 2017). In another study that I referred to, findings based o the cross-sectional research suggested that significant lifestyle changes among the community dwellers in Bangkok in Thailand harbored negative health outcomes with increased prevalence of overweight or obesity. Alteration in dietary habits from traditional eating of consuming rice with vegetables were shifted to taking rice with animal meat among the current population that further lead to increase the consumption of energy dense food and caused for increased incidence of overweight and obesity in the relevant population. Irrespective of gender, dietary diversity through rise in the consumption of diversified food also contributed to the emanation of obesity in the Thai residents (Tsuchiya et al. 2017). Thus I feel that the impact of globalization has hit the Thai dwellers as well compelling them to shift their cultural and dietary patterns grossly from their traditional beliefs and practices. Interventions to combat obesity in the Australian and Thai populations According to the scenario in Australia, I came to know that the children and adolescents are particularly vulnerable to encounter the adverse health impacts of obesity. Hence measures to resolve this issue has highlighted on tackling the nutritional policies and governing the food supply and food markets initiatives stringently. Studies have emphasized on taking strict control and actions to mitigate the sedentary lifestyle, consumption of energy dense in addition to nutrient poor food products and beverages (Lobstein 2015). On further probing into the matter regarding the promulgation of appropriate interventional strategies to ameliorate the condition of obesity, I came across article that indicated towards the cost effectiveness of engaging in the non-surgical obesity interventions in the concerned population. The suggestions and recommendations made in these studies relied on health education and healthy eating promotional schemes among the vulnerable population to safeguard agai nst the negative impacts of obesity. Sex specific elements were found to majorly contribute towards cost effectiveness of the projected interventions and males were found to be likely benefited from adopting such practices (Boyers et al. 2015).Thus I believe, safe and suitable interventions in regulating the social determinants of health are vital to the Australian population. On the contrary in the Thai population, the trends and prevalence of obesity as per the National Health Surveys data for the duration of 1991-2009 showed that socio-economic status of the inhabitants accounted for the onset of obesity. The average increase in the rate of prevalence was greater in both males and females irrespective of their level of educational attainment. I found that the researchers have constantly hammered on the issue of providing sufficient education for abating the problems that ensue due to obesity among the men and women in Thailand (Aekplakorn et al. 2014). As per the findings from another study I also came across the vital issue pertinent to the economic burden of obesity on the Thai population. The propositions made by the Thai policymakers suggested on the enhancement of public awareness and promotion of healthy lifestyle to abate the condition of obesity amongst the concerned population. Large scale and effective strategies in line with the situation rel evant to the Thai population has been opined by appropriate authorities to resolve the scenario (Pitayatienanan 2014). Thus I feel that national health expenditure, and cost of productivity loss, cost of hospital related absenteeism and cost incurred due to premature mortality may be curtailed to a large extent on following of interventions in a satisfactory manner. Thus comparing and contrasting the social determinants of health and the associated interventions in the developed and developing countries of Australia and Thailand respectively, I can infer that the nature of problem and the root causes behind the disease burden is primarily attributed to the unhealthy lifestyle and lack of physical activity. Therefore the interventions should aim to foster public awareness and knowledge to educate the vulnerable population and ensure their quality of life, wellbeing and healthy weight management. Hence, I further feel that tackling of chronic metabolic syndrome like obesity needs greater and collaborative approaches involving the stakeholders and the policymakers to harbor optimal and effective solutions. References Aekplakorn, W., Inthawong, R., Kessomboon, P., Sangthong, R., Chariyalertsak, S., Putwatana, P. and Taneepanichskul, S., 2014. Prevalence and trends of obesity and association with socioeconomic status in Thai adults: national health examination surveys, 19912009.Journal of obesity,2014. Boyers, D., Avenell, A., Stewart, F., Robertson, C., Archibald, D., Douglas, F., Hoddinott, P. and van Teijlingen, E., 2015. A systematic review of the cost-effectiveness of non-surgical obesity interventions in men.Obesity research clinical practice,9(4), pp.310-327. Hayes, A.J., Lung, T.W.C., Bauman, A. and Howard, K., 2017. Modelling obesity trends in Australia: unravelling the past and predicting the future.International Journal of Obesity,41(1), pp.178-185. Lobstein, T., Jackson-Leach, R., Moodie, M.L., Hall, K.D., Gortmaker, S.L., Swinburn, B.A., James, W.P.T., Wang, Y. and McPherson, K., 2015. Child and adolescent obesity: part of a bigger picture.The Lancet,385(9986), pp.2510-2520. Perrin, V.A., 2013. Social determinants of health.Health Affairs,32(11), p.2060. Pitayatienanan, P., Butchon, R., Yothasamut, J., Aekplakorn, W., Teerawattananon, Y., Suksomboon, N. and Thavorncharoensap, M., 2014. Economic costs of obesity in Thailand: a retrospective cost-of-illness study.BMC health services research,14(1), p.146. Rahman, A. and Harding, A., 2013. Prevalence of overweight and obesity epidemic in Australia: some causes and consequences.JP Journal of Biostatistics,10(1), p.31. Teerawattananon, Y., 2017. Obesity in Thailand and Its Economic Cost Estimation. Tsuchiya, C., Amnatsatsue, K., Sirikulchayanonta, C., Kerdmongkol, P. and Nakazawa, M., 2017. Lifestyle-Related Factors for Obesity among Community-Dwelling Adults in Bangkok, Thailand.Kokusai Hoken Iryo (Journal of International Health),32(1), pp.9-16. United Nations. Department of Economic, 2009.State of the World's Indigenous Peoples(Vol. 9). United Nations Publications.
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